CSS Law MCQs

This comprehensive set of MCQs on Law for the Central Superior Services (CSS) examination is meticulously designed to cover all key topics outlined in the CSS syllabus. Covering essential areas such as constitutional law, civil and criminal law, international law, and the principles of jurisprudence, these MCQs aim to equip aspiring CSS candidates with a solid foundation in legal concepts and frameworks.

Who should practice CSS Law MCQs?

Candidates preparing for the CSS examination who want to strengthen their understanding of both national and international legal systems.
Individuals interested in learning about the foundations of law, including constitutional rights, criminal justice, and the structure of the legal system, essential for civil service roles.
University students focused on high-yield topics such as human rights, judicial processes, and international treaties, which are critical for the CSS Law syllabus.
Anyone looking to build analytical skills in interpreting legal statutes and understanding the implications of legal decisions.
Students committed to mastering law concepts to excel in competitive exams and pursue careers in public administration, legal advisory, and policymaking.

1. The Pakistan Penal Code, 1860, defines a crime as an act that is:

A) Forbidden by law
B) Against social norms
C) Subject to individual interpretation
D) Dependent on cultural values

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2. Arbitration is a process of:

A) Judicial trial by court
B) Negotiation between parties
C) Settlement of disputes outside court
D) Mediation between parties

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3. Under the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908, the term “decree” refers to:

A) An interim court order
B) A formal judgment by the court
C) An agreement between parties
D) An appellate decision

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4. In Pakistan, civil courts with appellate jurisdiction handle cases that:

A) Are limited to family law
B) Involve appeals from lower courts
C) Relate to criminal offenses only
D) Are conducted only in special sessions

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5. The Qanun-e-Shahadat Order, 1984, primarily governs:

A) Procedures of criminal law
B) The admissibility of evidence
C) The definition of crimes
D) The conduct of civil suits

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6. Which section of the Criminal Procedure Code, 1898, addresses the power of the police to arrest?

A) Section 154
B) Section 63
C) Section 54
D) Section 95

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7. Arbitration can be conducted without the intervention of a court when:

A) Parties mutually agree to it
B) Only one party desires it
C) There is an ongoing court case
D) The government mandates it

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8. The Pakistan Penal Code, 1860, includes provisions related to:

A) Civil procedure
B) Criminal offenses and punishments
C) Family disputes
D) Business transactions

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9. The establishment of civil courts in Pakistan is governed by:

A) Code of Civil Procedure, 1908
B) Pakistan Penal Code, 1860
C) Qanun-e-Shahadat Order, 1984
D) Criminal Procedure Code, 1898

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10. Under the Qanun-e-Shahadat Order, 1984, hearsay evidence is generally:

A) Allowed in court
B) Considered weak but admissible
C) Inadmissible
D) Mandatory for all trials

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11. A decree is considered “final” when:

A) It can be appealed
B) It resolves the case completely
C) It is a preliminary finding
D) Both parties agree to it

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12. The Code of Civil Procedure, 1908, Section 80, mandates notice to the government when:

A) Filing any legal petition
B) Filing a lawsuit against the government
C) Contesting a decree
D) Appealing a court decision

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13. Under the Criminal Procedure Code, 1898, a “bailable offense” means:

A) Bail is at the discretion of the police
B) The offender must remain in custody
C) Bail is a right for the accused
D) Bail is granted only with a court order

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14. The principle of “double jeopardy” is addressed in:

A) Pakistan Penal Code, 1860
B) Qanun-e-Shahadat Order, 1984
C) Criminal Procedure Code, 1898
D) Code of Civil Procedure, 1908

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15. Arbitration with court intervention typically requires:

A) Mutual consent of parties
B) Court-issued arbitration agreement
C) Involvement of an independent mediator
D) Request from one of the parties

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16. The Qanun-e-Shahadat Order, 1984, states that the burden of proof lies:

A) With the defendant
B) With the plaintiff
C) With the judge
D) Equally on both parties

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17. An FIR is filed under which section of the Criminal Procedure Code, 1898?

A) Section 154
B) Section 45
C) Section 210
D) Section 302

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18. In civil suits, “plaint” refers to:

A) Evidence submitted by the plaintiff
B) The formal written complaint
C) The decree issued by the court
D) The defense’s response

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19. Under the Pakistan Penal Code, “culpable homicide” is:

A) Causing death without intent
B) Causing death with intent to kill
C) Always considered murder
D) Defined only under criminal procedure

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20. The principle “nemo judex in causa sua” in Qanun-e-Shahadat means:

A) No one should be a judge in their own case
B) Every case must have a judge
C) Self-judgment is allowed
D) Judges have immunity

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21. Civil courts in Pakistan have appellate jurisdiction over cases involving:

A) Criminal matters
B) Small claims only
C) Appeals from lower civil courts
D) Constitutional disputes

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22. In the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908, an “ex parte decree” is issued:

A) With both parties present
B) In favor of the defendant only
C) When only one party is present
D) During an appeal hearing

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23. The Pakistan Penal Code, 1860, differentiates between “offense” and:

A) Negligence
B) Conduct
C) Act
D) Misconduct

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24. “Judicial notice” under the Qanun-e-Shahadat Order, 1984, means the court:

A) Needs no proof for certain facts
B) Requires formal evidence for all facts
C) Admits only written evidence
D) Relies solely on witness testimony

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25. The term “cognizable offense” refers to an offense where:

A) The police can arrest without a warrant
B) The police need a court order for arrest
C) Only a civilian can report it
D) It is a minor infraction

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26. The Criminal Procedure Code, 1898, provides guidelines for police investigation under:

A) Section 107
B) Section 154
C) Section 157
D) Section 172

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27. In the Code of Civil Procedure, “res judicata” refers to:

A) Reconsidering a decided case
B) Dismissing a case without judgment
C) The finality of a decision in a matter
D) Allowing multiple trials for one matter

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28. According to the Pakistan Penal Code, theft is defined as:

A) Taking property by force
B) Removing property with dishonest intent
C) Using force for property theft
D) Borrowing property temporarily

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29. The Qanun-e-Shahadat Order, 1984, considers a witness “hostile” if:

A) They support the plaintiff
B) They oppose the defendant
C) They contradict their own testimony
D) They withhold evidence

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30. Arbitration with court intervention typically applies when:

A) Both parties are absent
B) There is a pending lawsuit
C) There is an unresolved dispute
D) Neither party requests arbitration

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31. The Pakistan Penal Code, 1860, defines “criminal conspiracy” as:

A) An agreement between two or more persons to commit a crime
B) An individual planning a crime alone
C) A group committing a crime without planning
D) A misunderstanding between parties

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32. Under the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908, a “suit of civil nature” involves disputes related to:

A) Crime and punishment
B) Rights to property or office
C) Breach of criminal law
D) Public welfare

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33. In criminal law, “mens rea” refers to:

A) The physical act of a crime
B) The mental intent behind the crime
C) Evidence provided by the defendant
D) A witness testimony

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34. According to the Qanun-e-Shahadat Order, 1984, a document is considered “primary evidence” when it is:

A) A copy of the original document
B) The original document itself
C) A printed version of a record
D) Verified by a witness

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35. The “burden of proof” in a criminal case generally rests on:

A) The prosecution
B) The judge
C) The defense
D) Both parties equally

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36. Under the Pakistan Penal Code, 1860, the offense of “forgery” involves:

A) Damaging property
B) Altering a document with intent to deceive
C) Stealing physical items
D) Making false verbal statements

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37. In the Criminal Procedure Code, 1898, a “charge” is defined as:

A) A formal accusation against an individual
B) A sentence issued by the judge
C) A witness statement
D) An evidence summary

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38. Arbitration is preferred over litigation in civil matters because it:

A) Takes more time to resolve disputes
B) Is informal and faster than court procedures
C) Provides only monetary solutions
D) Is legally binding only in certain cases

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39. The concept of “actus reus” in criminal law signifies:

A) The intent behind an offense
B) The mental state of the offender
C) The physical act of committing a crime
D) The reason for a crime

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40. The Code of Civil Procedure, 1908, allows temporary injunctions to:

A) Enforce criminal penalties
B) Prevent irreparable harm until trial
C) Conclude a case quickly
D) Replace a final judgment

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41. A non-cognizable offense is one where:

A) The police can arrest without a warrant
B) The police cannot arrest without a warrant
C) A warrant is never required
D) Only civil penalties apply

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42. The Qanun-e-Shahadat Order, 1984, classifies “hearsay” as:

A) Admissible evidence
B) Inadmissible unless it meets exceptions
C) Always reliable
D) Primary evidence

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43. Under the Pakistan Penal Code, 1860, “abetment” refers to:

A) Being the main perpetrator
B) Assisting or encouraging another to commit a crime
C) Committing a crime unintentionally
D) Witnessing a crime

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44. A “suit for recovery of possession” under civil law aims to:

A) Gain control of personal property
B) Punish criminal acts
C) Resolve ownership disputes
D) Retrieve stolen items

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45. Under the Criminal Procedure Code, 1898, a “summons case” is:

A) A case involving serious offenses
B) A case involving minor offenses
C) An appeal to the Supreme Court
D) A private legal matter

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46. In arbitration, the “arbitrator” is:

A) A court judge
B) A neutral party chosen to resolve disputes
C) One of the disputing parties
D) A court clerk

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47. The Pakistan Penal Code, 1860, defines “robbery” as theft involving:

A) Physical force or fear
B) Deception
C) Assistance from a third party
D) Only property damage

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48. The Qanun-e-Shahadat Order, 1984, prohibits a witness from giving:

A) Personal opinions
B) Facts that they observed directly
C) Irrelevant testimony
D) Information based on belief

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49. The term “jurisdiction” in legal context means:

A) The power of a court to hear a case
B) The responsibility of the prosecutor
C) The limit of law enforcement authority
D) The responsibility of the defense

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50. A “non-bailable offense” under the Criminal Procedure Code, 1898, means:

A) The accused can obtain bail easily
B) Bail is granted at the court’s discretion
C) Bail is an absolute right
D) No bail is permitted at any time

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51. In civil proceedings, an “injunction” is an order to:

A) Enforce criminal penalties
B) Prohibit or compel certain actions
C) Dispute a judgment
D) Transfer case jurisdiction

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52. Under the Pakistan Penal Code, 1860, defamation includes:

A) Physical harm to a person
B) Unlawfully damaging a person’s reputation
C) Physical property damage
D) Theft of property

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53. The Qanun-e-Shahadat Order, 1984, requires evidence to be:

A) Presented in any format
B) Relevant and reliable
C) Only physical objects
D) Provided without witness testimony

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54. “Malicious intent” in a legal context refers to:

A) Intentional harm with ill will
B) Accidental harm to a person
C) Harm due to negligence
D) Harm without a specific purpose

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55. In arbitration, an “award” is:

A) A fine imposed on the losing party
B) A formal decision given by the arbitrator
C) An appeal to the higher courts
D) A mutual agreement

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56. The Criminal Procedure Code, 1898, requires a magistrate to conduct an inquiry in:

A) All civil cases
B) Only non-cognizable offenses
C) Cases of unnatural death
D) Family disputes

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57. A “witness” under Qanun-e-Shahadat Order, 1984, is:

A) Someone with an opinion on the case
B) An individual who testifies based on personal knowledge
C) A party to the dispute
D) A court-appointed observer

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58. Under the Pakistan Penal Code, 1860, murder with premeditation is termed as:

A) Manslaughter
B) Culpable homicide
C) First-degree murder
D) Grievous offense

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59. A “civil wrong” generally results in:

A) Criminal punishment
B) Compensation or damages
C) Imprisonment
D) Loss of citizenship

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60. “Double jeopardy” under the Criminal Procedure Code, 1898, implies that:

A) A person can be tried twice for the same offense
B) A person cannot be tried twice for the same offense
C) A case can only go to court once
D) The accused must face two charges

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61. Under the Qanun-e-Shahadat Order, 1984, evidence that has been obtained through illegal means is:

A) Always admissible
B) Admissible in some cases
C) Inadmissible
D) Automatically credible

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62. The Pakistan Penal Code, 1860, defines “assault” as an act that:

A) Causes actual harm
B) Threatens physical harm to a person
C) Results in property damage
D) Is always unintentional

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63. The term “bail” refers to:

A) A fine imposed on a convicted person
B) Temporary release of an accused awaiting trial
C) The final judgment of a court
D) A plea of innocence

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64. Arbitration in civil matters is usually:

A) Less expensive than a court trial
B) More complicated than a court trial
C) Only applicable in criminal cases
D) Reserved for family disputes

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65. In the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908, the “plaint” is:

A) A written statement by the defendant
B) A complaint document submitted by the plaintiff
C) A document granting bail
D) The court’s final decision

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66. The Qanun-e-Shahadat Order, 1984, recognizes an “expert witness” as:

A) Any witness familiar with the case
B) Someone with specialized knowledge relevant to the case
C) The main witness in a case
D) An individual with legal training

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67. Under the Pakistan Penal Code, 1860, “theft” is defined as taking property:

A) Without the owner’s consent
B) With permission from the owner
C) Only if it involves physical violence
D) During a legal search

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68. The Criminal Procedure Code, 1898, defines “cognizable offenses” as offenses for which:

A) Police can arrest without a warrant
B) Only a magistrate can make an arrest
C) Bail is mandatory
D) The trial is held in a civil court

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69. A court’s “appellate jurisdiction” allows it to:

A) Hear a case first-hand
B) Hear appeals from lower court decisions
C) Issue arrest warrants
D) Review police investigations

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70. The Qanun-e-Shahadat Order, 1984, does not admit evidence based on:

A) Personal testimony
B) Hearsay
C) Documentary proof
D) Physical evidence

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71. Under the Pakistan Penal Code, 1860, “public nuisance” is an act that:

A) Affects only a single individual
B) Harms the public or community
C) Is directed toward government officials
D) Affects animals

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72. A “summary trial” in criminal law is used to:

A) Handle complex and severe cases
B) Quickly resolve minor offenses
C) Appeal a conviction
D) Bypass due process

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73. According to the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908, an “interim order” is issued to:

A) Conclude the trial
B) Provide temporary relief until the case is resolved
C) Finalize the judgment
D) Start a new trial

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74. In criminal law, “intention” is often more relevant than:

A) Action
B) Motive
C) Evidence
D) Punishment

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75. An arbitrator’s decision is known as:

A) A ruling
B) An award
C) A judgment
D) A verdict

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76. The Qanun-e-Shahadat Order, 1984, considers the “dying declaration” as:

A) Always inadmissible
B) Admissible under certain circumstances
C) Admissible only in civil cases
D) Automatically false

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77. In civil cases, “pecuniary jurisdiction” refers to a court’s power to:

A) Hear cases based on their location
B) Hear cases based on the monetary value involved
C) Hear only criminal cases
D) Hear cases related to family disputes

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78. Under the Pakistan Penal Code, 1860, “voluntarily causing hurt” implies:

A) Causing harm by accident
B) Intentional infliction of physical harm
C) Damage to property
D) Psychological harm

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79. The Criminal Procedure Code, 1898, requires that a “first information report” (FIR) be:

A) Filed by any individual, regardless of involvement
B) Recorded by the police upon receiving information about a cognizable offense
C) Submitted only after arrest
D) Kept confidential

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80. The Code of Civil Procedure, 1908, allows “attachment before judgment” to:

A) Ensure the defendant is compensated
B) Secure property to prevent disposal before judgment
C) Guarantee a speedy trial
D) Replace the final judgment

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81. According to the Qanun-e-Shahadat Order, 1984, the court may summon a person to testify if they are:

A) An acquaintance of the judge
B) Likely to give reliable information
C) A relative of the defendant
D) Known to the prosecution

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82. Under the Pakistan Penal Code, 1860, “criminal breach of trust” involves:

A) Accidental loss of entrusted property
B) Dishonest misuse of property by a person in whom trust is reposed
C) Loan repayment failure
D) Theft from a public place

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83. Arbitration can occur with the intervention of the court when:

A) Both parties agree to arbitration during litigation
B) A single party requests it without consent
C) The court mandates it unilaterally
D) The case involves a criminal matter

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84. In civil procedure, a “stay order” is issued to:

A) Conclude all legal proceedings
B) Temporarily suspend proceedings in a case
C) Impose fines on both parties
D) Remove the judge from the case

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85. The Qanun-e-Shahadat Order, 1984, allows an “oral admission” only if:

A) It is verified by physical evidence
B) It is in the form of a signed document
C) It is made voluntarily
D) It is provided by a witness

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86. Under the Pakistan Penal Code, 1860, “culpable homicide” is the act of:

A) Causing death with legal justification
B) Killing with the intent to cause harm that is likely to result in death
C) Accidental death without intent
D) Killing animals

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87. According to the Criminal Procedure Code, 1898, a “warrant case” pertains to:

A) Minor civil disputes
B) Offenses punishable with severe penalties
C) Non-cognizable offenses
D) Family matters

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88. The Code of Civil Procedure, 1908, includes “res judicata,” which means:

A) The case is temporarily postponed
B) The same issue cannot be tried again between the same parties
C) The case is transferred to another court
D) A new trial can begin at any time

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89. An affidavit is considered valid if it is:

A) Written on plain paper
B) Signed only by the defendant
C) Sworn before an authorized officer
D) Written in the third person

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90. The term “sub judice” indicates that a matter:

A) Has been decided
B) Is currently under judicial consideration
C) Is in an appeal phase
D) Is pending administrative review

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91. In the Pakistan Penal Code, 1860, the term “public servant” includes:

A) Private sector employees
B) Individuals holding government positions
C) Individuals without official designations
D) Only military personnel

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92. “Perjury” under the Qanun-e-Shahadat Order, 1984, means:

A) Giving truthful evidence
B) Fabricating documents
C) Lying under oath
D) Filing a false complaint

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93. The Code of Civil Procedure, 1908, allows “revision” if:

A) An error is made by a higher court
B) An error is found in the lower court’s jurisdiction
C) A witness changes testimony
D) A case is incomplete

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94. “Mens rea” in criminal law refers to:

A) The mental state or intent of a person
B) The physical act of a crime
C) The punishment of a crime
D) The aftermath of a crime

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95. The Qanun-e-Shahadat Order, 1984, considers a “confession” as:

A) A statement by the accused acknowledging guilt
B) A third-party witness statement
C) A lawyer’s closing statement
D) A plea of innocence

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96. “Execution” of a decree under civil law means:

A) Reviewing the decree for errors
B) Enforcing the decree
C) Dismissing the case
D) Appealing the decree

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97. Under the Pakistan Penal Code, 1860, a “fine” is considered:

A) A mandatory punishment in all cases
B) A monetary penalty for an offense
C) A method of court investigation
D) A substitute for imprisonment

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98. The Criminal Procedure Code, 1898, prescribes “remand” as:

A) Releasing a person from custody
B) Returning a person to custody during investigation
C) Reducing a sentence
D) Granting bail

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99. In civil cases, “jurisdiction” refers to a court’s power to:

A) Decide on cases within a defined geographic or subject area
B) Transfer cases to another court
C) Appeal a decision
D) Issue arrest warrants

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100. The Pakistan Penal Code, 1860, defines “abetment” as:

A) Assisting a person in fleeing the law
B) Encouraging another person to commit an offense
C) Self-defense against an attack
D) Withholding evidence

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