63. In public administration, the term “delegation of authority” means:
A) Centralizing all decisions
B) Granting authority to lower-level employees
C) Limiting public access to information
D) Avoiding accountability
View AnswerB
64. The primary goal of human resource management in public administration is to:
A) Maximize administrative control
B) Recruit, develop, and retain competent staff
C) Enforce strict hierarchies
D) Limit employee training
View AnswerB
65. The “Planning Commission of Pakistan” is responsible for:
A) Enforcing tax policies
B) Developing national economic plans
C) Military strategy formulation
D) Administrative oversight of courts
View AnswerB
66. Which type of leadership style is focused on strict control and authority?
A) Participative
B) Authoritarian
C) Delegative
D) Transformational
View AnswerB
67. In public administration, “performance appraisal” primarily assesses:
A) Employee family background
B) Work output and effectiveness
C) Attendance record only
D) Personal views on management
View AnswerB
68. “Meritocracy” in the context of public administration implies:
A) Employment based on political support
B) Promotion based on merit and competence
C) Randomized hiring practices
D) Seniority-based selection
View AnswerB
69. The “Theory X and Theory Y” approach to management was proposed by:
A) Abraham Maslow
B) Douglas McGregor
C) Frederick Herzberg
D) Elton Mayo
View AnswerB
70. An “ombudsman” in public administration serves to:
A) Represent the government in international affairs
B) Resolve citizen complaints against the government
C) Lead legislative processes
D) Enforce taxation policies
View AnswerB
71. Which approach in public administration advocates for ethical behavior and responsiveness to the public?
A) Traditional Approach
B) Ethical or Values Approach
C) Scientific Management
D) Systems Theory
View AnswerB
72. “Job rotation” as a management strategy is intended to:
A) Improve employee salary
B) Increase employee motivation and skill diversity
C) Limit public sector exposure
D) Enforce hierarchical structure
View AnswerB
73. The “incremental model” of decision-making implies:
A) Drastic changes in policy
B) Minor adjustments over time
C) Ignoring past policies
D) Adopting an authoritarian approach
View AnswerB
74. In Pakistan, the “National Accountability Bureau (NAB)” is responsible for:
A) Overseeing foreign policy
B) Handling military operations
C) Combating corruption and ensuring accountability
D) Regulating educational institutions
View AnswerC
75. A “closed system” in public administration refers to:
A) No external influence on operations
B) Continuous public feedback
C) Interaction with other organizations
D) Open access to public information
View AnswerA
76. Which of the following is a core value of public administration?
A) Profit maximization
B) Accountability to the public
C) Secrecy in decision-making
D) Political favoritism
View AnswerB
77. “Devolution” in governance is the process of:
A) Centralizing power in the federal government
B) Transferring power to local levels
C) Increasing bureaucratic rigidity
D) Limiting local government roles
View AnswerB
78. Max Weber’s concept of “bureaucracy” includes:
A) Informal decision-making
B) A rigid hierarchical structure
C) Flexible roles for all employees
D) Lack of formal rules
View AnswerB
79. “Citizen engagement” in public administration refers to:
A) Limiting public access to information
B) Actively involving citizens in decision-making
C) Relying solely on elected officials for input
D) Avoiding public input on policy
View AnswerB
80. The main function of “public sector audits” is to:
A) Control private sector finances
B) Ensure accountability in public spending
C) Increase public revenue
D) Support political campaigns
View AnswerB
81. “Public-private partnerships” (PPPs) are primarily aimed at:
A) Merging public and private ownership
B) Reducing transparency in government
C) Combining resources for public service delivery
D) Replacing public sector roles with private companies
View AnswerC
82. An “executive order” is typically issued by:
A) The judiciary
B) The legislative body
C) The head of the executive branch
D) Local government officials
View AnswerC
83. In public administration, the “span of control” refers to:
A) The range of powers of the chief executive
B) The number of employees reporting to one supervisor
C) The geographic area under a department’s control
D) The variety of services a department offers
View AnswerB
84. The concept of “benchmarking” in the public sector is used to:
A) Reduce government accountability
B) Set standards by comparing with best practices
C) Limit public expenditure
D) Isolate departments from each other
View AnswerB
85. Which term describes the influence of lobby groups on public policy?
A) Public accountability
B) Judicial review
C) Interest group politics
D) Budgeting
View AnswerC
86. The primary purpose of “social welfare programs” is to:
A) Increase government revenue
B) Provide support to marginalized groups
C) Promote private sector growth
D) Limit public services
View AnswerB
87. In public administration, “network governance” involves:
A) Isolated decision-making
B) Collaboration among various stakeholders
C) Exclusion of non-government actors
D) Centralized administrative processes
View AnswerB
88. Which principle is related to a manager’s authority being proportional to their responsibility?
A) Span of control
B) Unity of command
C) Delegation of authority
D) Parity principle
View AnswerD
89. “Scenario planning” in public administration is used for:
A) Reducing flexibility in policies
B) Preparing for multiple future possibilities
C) Enforcing rigid policies
D) Avoiding strategic decision-making
View AnswerB
90. “Organizational change” in public administration is generally pursued to:
A) Increase bureaucratic layers
B) Improve efficiency and adapt to new demands
C) Maintain traditional practices
D) Limit employee autonomy
View AnswerB
91. The concept of “equity” in public service focuses on:
A) Equal access to services for all citizens
B) Increasing private sector involvement
C) Limiting public sector reach
D) Focusing only on revenue generation
View AnswerA
92. “Capacity building” in the public sector involves:
A) Reducing employee skills
B) Enhancing staff skills and organizational abilities
C) Limiting public services
D) Increasing bureaucratic controls
View AnswerB
93. Which term is used to describe reforms that promote citizen participation and transparency?
A) Open government
B) Traditional bureaucracy
C) New Public Management
D) Executive privilege
View AnswerA
94. In public administration, “service delivery” refers to:
A) Privatization of services
B) Providing services to the public
C) Restricting public access
D) Limiting administrative tasks
View AnswerB
95. The “Federal Public Service Commission (FPSC)” in Pakistan is responsible for:
A) Judicial functions
B) Recruitment for federal government positions
C) Legislative oversight
D) Education reform
View AnswerB
96. Which is a primary focus of the “Human Relations” theory in management?
A) Technical efficiency
B) Employee motivation and satisfaction
C) Profit maximization
D) Strict control over employees
View AnswerB
97. “Disaster management” in public administration involves:
A) Solely focusing on recovery
B) Prevention, preparedness, response, and recovery
C) Limiting government intervention
D) Avoiding public involvement
View AnswerB
98. In the context of policy-making, “agenda-setting” refers to:
A) Reviewing old policies
B) Determining the issues to prioritize
C) Limiting citizen input
D) Finalizing policy implementation
View AnswerB
99. Which term best describes the influence of technology on public administration?
A) E-governance
B) Bureaucracy
C) Manual processes
D) Traditional management
View AnswerA
100. The “accountability” principle in public administration is crucial because it:
A) Limits innovation
B) Ensures government transparency and responsibility
C) Reduces public involvement
D) Focuses on secrecy
View AnswerB