NTS Physics Preparation Mcqs

This set of NTS Physics Preparation MCQs is crafted to provide in-depth practice for candidates aiming to excel in the physics section of National Testing Service exams. Covering fundamental concepts such as mechanics, thermodynamics, electromagnetism, optics, and modern physics, these MCQs are designed to reflect the structure of actual NTS exams. Each question offers valuable insights and detailed explanations, helping you build a strong foundation and enhance your problem-solving skills for better performance in competitive exams.

1. What is the unit of force?

A) Joule
B) Newton
C) Watt
D) Pascal

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2. Which law states that an object in motion will stay in motion unless acted upon by a net external force?

A) Newton’s First Law
B) Newton’s Second Law
C) Newton’s Third Law
D) Law of Universal Gravitation

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3. What is the acceleration due to gravity on Earth?

A) 9.81 m/s²
B) 10 m/s²
C) 9.8 m/s²
D) 9.9 m/s²

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4. Which of the following quantities is a vector?

A) Speed
B) Distance
C) Mass
D) Velocity

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5. What is the formula for kinetic energy?

A) KE = mv
B) KE = 1/2 mv²
C) KE = mgh
D) KE = Fd

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6. What does the symbol “c” represent in physics?

A) Speed of sound
B) Speed of light
C) Constant acceleration
D) Charge

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7. What is the SI unit of energy?

A) Joule
B) Calorie
C) Watt
D) Newton

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8. Which of the following is an example of a scalar quantity?

A) Velocity
B) Force
C) Work
D) Acceleration

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9. What is the principle of conservation of energy?

A) Energy cannot be created or destroyed.
B) Energy can be created.
C) Energy is always lost.
D) Energy can only be destroyed.

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10. In which of the following processes is heat transferred by conduction?

A) Boiling water
B) Heating a metal rod
C) Radiant heat from the sun
D) Wind blowing

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11. What is the formula for gravitational potential energy?

A) PE = mgh
B) PE = 1/2 mv²
C) PE = Fd
D) PE = mv

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12. Which type of wave is sound?

A) Electromagnetic wave
B) Longitudinal wave
C) Transverse wave
D) Surface wave

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13. What is the unit of power?

A) Joule
B) Newton
C) Watt
D) Pascal

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14. Which phenomenon explains why a straw appears to bend in water?

A) Reflection
B) Refraction
C) Diffraction
D) Dispersion

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15. What is the frequency of a wave if its period is 0.01 seconds?

A) 100 Hz
B) 50 Hz
C) 10 Hz
D) 1 Hz

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16. What type of energy is stored in a compressed spring?

A) Kinetic energy
B) Thermal energy
C) Potential energy
D) Chemical energy

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17. Which of the following is an example of Newton’s Third Law?

A) A book on a table
B) A rocket launching
C) A car accelerating
D) A ball rolling down a hill

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18. What is the unit of pressure?

A) Joule
B) Pascal
C) Newton
D) Watt

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19. What is the speed of light in a vacuum?

A) 3 × 10⁸ m/s
B) 3 × 10⁷ m/s
C) 3 × 10⁹ m/s
D) 3 × 10⁵ m/s

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20. What is the formula for Ohm’s Law?

A) V = IR
B) P = IV
C) E = mc²
D) F = ma

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21. What is the primary force that causes objects to fall towards the Earth?

A) Electromagnetic force
B) Nuclear force
C) Gravitational force
D) Frictional force

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22. Which device is used to measure electric current?

A) Voltmeter
B) Ammeter
C) Ohmmeter
D) Multimeter

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23. What is the effect of increasing the temperature of a gas at constant volume?

A) Decreases pressure
B) Increases pressure
C) No effect on pressure
D) Decreases volume

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24. Which of the following describes the motion of a satellite orbiting the Earth?

A) Linear motion
B) Circular motion
C) Random motion
D) Periodic motion

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25. What is the principle behind the functioning of a lever?

A) Conservation of energy
B) Mechanical advantage
C) Law of inertia
D) Gravitational force

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26. Which quantity is conserved in a closed system?

A) Mass only
B) Energy only
C) Momentum only
D) Both energy and momentum

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27. What is the wavelength of a sound wave that travels at 340 m/s and has a frequency of 170 Hz?

A) 2 m
B) 1 m
C) 0.5 m
D) 0.2 m

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28. What is the unit of electrical resistance?

A) Joule
B) Ampere
C) Volt
D) Ohm

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29. Which type of mirror is used in a car’s side view?

A) Concave mirror
B) Convex mirror
C) Plane mirror
D) None of the above

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30. What is the primary source of energy for the Earth?

A) The Moon
B) The Sun
C) Fossil fuels
D) Wind

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31. Which phenomenon is responsible for the colors seen in a rainbow?

A) Reflection
B) Refraction
C) Diffraction
D) Dispersion

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32. What is the formula for calculating work done?

A) W = Fd
B) W = F/v
C) W = F + d
D) W = F × d²

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33. In a vacuum, which of the following travels the fastest?

A) Sound waves
B) Light waves
C) Water waves
D) Electromagnetic waves

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34. What is the relationship between pressure and volume in Boyle’s Law?

A) Directly proportional
B) Inversely proportional
C) Exponentially proportional
D) No relation

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35. Which of the following describes an inelastic collision?

A) Momentum is conserved.
B) Kinetic energy is conserved.
C) Both momentum and kinetic energy are conserved.
D) Kinetic energy is not conserved.

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36. What is the primary cause of tides on Earth?

A) The rotation of the Earth
B) The gravitational pull of the Moon
C) The Sun’s heat
D) Ocean currents

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37. What type of energy transformation occurs in a hydroelectric power plant?

A) Mechanical to electrical
B) Chemical to mechanical
C) Kinetic to potential
D) Thermal to electrical

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38. What is the unit of frequency?

A) Hertz
B) Joule
C) Newton
D) Watt

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39. Which of the following is an example of potential energy?

A) A rolling ball
B) A stretched rubber band
C) A moving car
D) A flowing river

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40. What is the effect of increasing the mass of an object on its gravitational force?

A) Decreases the force
B) Increases the force
C) No effect on the force
D) It depends on the distance

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41. Which type of energy is associated with the motion of particles in a substance?

A) Kinetic energy
B) Potential energy
C) Thermal energy
D) Electrical energy

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42. What is the primary purpose of a transformer?

A) To generate electricity
B) To increase or decrease voltage
C) To store energy
D) To measure current

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43. What is the result of combining two forces in the same direction?

A) The forces cancel out.
B) The net force is the sum of the two forces.
C) The net force is zero.
D) The forces create a torque.

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44. Which law of thermodynamics states that energy cannot be created or destroyed?

A) Zeroth Law
B) First Law
C) Second Law
D) Third Law

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45. What type of wave is created when a rope is shaken up and down?

A) Longitudinal wave
B) Transverse wave
C) Surface wave
D) Electromagnetic wave

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46. What is the term for the bending of light around an obstacle?

A) Reflection
B) Refraction
C) Diffraction
D) Dispersion

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47. What happens to the resistance of a conductor as its temperature increases?

A) It decreases
B) It increases
C) It stays the same
D) It fluctuates

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48. Which device converts mechanical energy into electrical energy?

A) Generator
B) Motor
C) Transformer
D) Battery

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49. In which of the following scenarios is work done on an object?

A) Holding a heavy box still
B) Pushing a box across the floor
C) Lifting a box and holding it at a height
D) Carrying a box while walking

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50. What is the unit of capacitance?

A) Farad
B) Henry
C) Ohm
D) Volt

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51. Which of the following best describes an electric field?

A) A region where magnetic forces exist
B) A region where electric charges exert force
C) A region of high temperature
D) A vacuum

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52. What is the principle of superposition?

A) Forces add together to give a net force.
B) Energy cannot be created or destroyed.
C) Waves can interfere with each other.
D) Temperature always increases.

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53. What is the primary function of a capacitor in a circuit?

A) To store electrical energy
B) To resist current flow
C) To measure voltage
D) To increase power

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54. Which type of lens is used to correct nearsightedness?

A) Convex lens
B) Concave lens
C) Bifocal lens
D) Cylindrical lens

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55. What is the speed of sound in air at room temperature?

A) 340 m/s
B) 300 m/s
C) 1500 m/s
D) 500 m/s

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56. Which of the following statements about isotopes is true?

A) They have the same number of neutrons.
B) They have the same number of protons.
C) They have different chemical properties.
D) They cannot exist in nature.

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57. What is the process of converting a solid directly into a gas called?

A) Melting
B) Evaporation
C) Sublimation
D) Condensation

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58. What does the term “latent heat” refer to?

A) Heat during temperature change
B) Heat absorbed or released during a phase change
C) Heat in motion
D) Heat lost to the environment

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59. Which device is used to measure temperature?

A) Barometer
B) Thermometer
C) Manometer
D) Anemometer

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60. What is the law of reflection?

A) The angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection.
B) Light bends when passing through different mediums.
C) Light is absorbed by dark surfaces.
D) Light travels in a straight line.

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61. In a series circuit, what happens to the total resistance as more resistors are added?

A) It decreases
B) It increases
C) It remains the same
D) It fluctuates

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62. What type of radiation is emitted by a radioactive substance?

A) Electromagnetic radiation
B) Sound waves
C) Mechanical waves
D) Thermal radiation

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63. What is the phenomenon of light bending when it passes from one medium to another?

A) Reflection
B) Refraction
C) Diffraction
D) Dispersion

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64. What is the unit of electric charge?

A) Coulomb
B) Volt
C) Ampere
D) Ohm

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65. What is the principle behind the operation of a pulley?

A) Mechanical advantage
B) Conservation of energy
C) Law of inertia
D) Gravitational pull

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66. What is the velocity of an object that travels 100 meters in 5 seconds?

A) 20 m/s
B) 15 m/s
C) 25 m/s
D) 10 m/s

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67. What type of energy is associated with the position of an object?

A) Kinetic energy
B) Thermal energy
C) Potential energy
D) Chemical energy

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68. What is the formula for calculating density?

A) Density = Mass × Volume
B) Density = Mass / Volume
C) Density = Volume / Mass
D) Density = Mass + Volume

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69. In the context of thermodynamics, what does “adiabatic” mean?

A) Heat is transferred
B) No heat is exchanged
C) Temperature is constant
D) Pressure is constant

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70. What is the effect of doubling the velocity of an object on its kinetic energy?

A) Kinetic energy is halved.
B) Kinetic energy is doubled.
C) Kinetic energy is quadrupled.
D) Kinetic energy remains the same.

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71. What is the principle of moments?

A) Forces in equilibrium produce a net force of zero.
B) Torque is equal to the product of force and distance.
C) Energy cannot be created or destroyed.
D) Momentum is conserved in collisions.

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72. Which of the following describes a transverse wave?

A) Particles move parallel to the direction of wave travel.
B) Particles move perpendicular to the direction of wave travel.
C) Particles do not move at all.
D) Particles move in circular paths.

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73. What is the unit of frequency?

A) Hertz
B) Joule
C) Newton
D) Pascal

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74. What is the speed of a wave that has a frequency of 50 Hz and a wavelength of 2 m?

A) 100 m/s
B) 150 m/s
C) 50 m/s
D) 25 m/s

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75. What is the force of gravity on a 10 kg object?

A) 10 N
B) 50 N
C) 100 N
D) 90 N

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76. Which of the following is not a fundamental force of nature?

A) Gravitational force
B) Electromagnetic force
C) Frictional force
D) Nuclear force

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77. In an electric circuit, what is the role of a resistor?

A) To store energy
B) To increase current
C) To limit current
D) To measure voltage

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78. What is the unit of work done?

A) Joule
B) Watt
C) Newton
D) Pascal

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79. What happens to the speed of sound as the temperature of the medium increases?

A) It decreases
B) It stays the same
C) It increases
D) It fluctuates

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80. What is the role of a diode in a circuit?

A) To store energy
B) To convert AC to DC
C) To measure current
D) To increase voltage

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81. What is the term for the energy possessed by a moving object?

A) Potential energy
B) Kinetic energy
C) Thermal energy
D) Electrical energy

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82. Which of the following is an example of an elastic collision?

A) Two cars colliding and sticking together
B) A ball bouncing off a wall
C) A car hitting a tree
D) A person jumping off a diving board

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83. What is the term for the energy required to raise the temperature of a substance?

A) Heat capacity
B) Thermal energy
C) Specific heat
D) Latent heat

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84. What is the effect of increasing the frequency of a wave on its wavelength?

A) Wavelength increases
B) Wavelength decreases
C) Wavelength stays the same
D) Wavelength fluctuates

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85. What is the primary cause of buoyancy in fluids?

A) Density differences
B) Pressure differences
C) Temperature differences
D) Volume differences

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86. Which of the following best describes thermal equilibrium?

A) Temperature differences exist
B) No heat transfer occurs
C) All substances are at different temperatures
D) Heat flows from cold to hot

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87. What is the primary force that acts on a satellite in orbit?

A) Electromagnetic force
B) Centripetal force
C) Gravitational force
D) Frictional force

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88. What happens to the pressure of a gas if its volume is decreased while the temperature remains constant?

A) Pressure increases
B) Pressure decreases
C) No change in pressure
D) It fluctuates

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89. Which of the following is not a characteristic of a scientific theory?

A) It can be tested.
B) It is always correct.
C) It is based on observations.
D) It can be modified or replaced.

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90. What is the energy transformation that occurs when a battery powers a flashlight?

A) Chemical to electrical
B) Electrical to thermal
C) Electrical to light
D) Light to chemical

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91. What is the basic unit of length in the SI system?

A) Meter
B) Kilometer
C) Centimeter
D) Millimeter

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92. In which of the following cases is gravitational potential energy highest?

A) A ball on the ground
B) A ball on a table
C) A ball on a shelf
D) A ball thrown in the air

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93. What is the term for the amount of energy required to change the temperature of 1 kg of a substance by 1 degree Celsius?

A) Heat capacity
B) Thermal energy
C) Specific heat capacity
D) Latent heat

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94. Which of the following laws describes the relationship between the pressure and volume of a gas?

A) Charles’s Law
B) Boyle’s Law
C) Avogadro’s Law
D) Ideal Gas Law

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95. What is the phenomenon called when light waves bend around obstacles?

A) Reflection
B) Refraction
C) Diffraction
D) Dispersion

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96. What is the potential energy of an object of mass 5 kg at a height of 10 m? (g = 9.81 m/s²)

A) 49.05 J
B) 98.1 J
C) 245 J
D) 490.5 J

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97. What is the name of the effect when a moving observer perceives a change in frequency of a wave?

A) Doppler effect
B) Photoelectric effect
C) Compton effect
D) Rayleigh scattering

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98. Which type of energy is released during a chemical reaction?

A) Nuclear energy
B) Thermal energy
C) Electrical energy
D) Mechanical energy

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99. What happens to the kinetic energy of an object if its mass is doubled and its velocity remains the same?

A) Kinetic energy is halved.
B) Kinetic energy is doubled.
C) Kinetic energy is quadrupled.
D) Kinetic energy remains the same.

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100. In a hydroelectric dam, what type of energy is converted into mechanical energy?

A) Gravitational potential energy
B) Kinetic energy
C) Thermal energy
D) Electrical energy

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101. What type of wave is a water wave?

A) Longitudinal wave
B) Transverse wave
C) Surface wave
D) Electromagnetic wave

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102. What is the relationship between voltage, current, and resistance called?

A) Ohm’s Law
B) Kirchhoff’s Law
C) Faraday’s Law
D) Coulomb’s Law

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103. What is the term for the measure of how much matter an object contains?

A) Mass
B) Weight
C) Volume
D) Density

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104. Which of the following best describes an oscillation?

A) A wave traveling in a straight line
B) A repetitive back-and-forth motion
C) A one-time event
D) A constant speed

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105. What is the primary force that opposes motion between two surfaces in contact?

A) Gravitational force
B) Frictional force
C) Normal force
D) Tension force

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106. In which of the following scenarios is energy conserved?

A) Inelastic collision
B) Elastic collision
C) Friction
D) All of the above

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107. What is the term for the energy stored in an object due to its position or configuration?

A) Kinetic energy
B) Potential energy
C) Thermal energy
D) Chemical energy

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108. Which of the following describes a sound wave?

A) Longitudinal wave
B) Transverse wave
C) Surface wave
D) Electromagnetic wave

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109. What is the speed of a wave that has a wavelength of 5 m and a frequency of 10 Hz?

A) 50 m/s
B) 5 m/s
C) 100 m/s
D) 25 m/s

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110. Which of the following describes a closed system?

A) Energy can enter or leave.
B) Matter can enter or leave.
C) Neither energy nor matter can enter or leave.
D) Only matter can enter or leave.

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111. What is the effect of increasing the amplitude of a wave?

A) Increases the speed
B) Increases the frequency
C) Increases the energy
D) Decreases the wavelength

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112. What is the principle of conservation of angular momentum?

A) Angular momentum is lost in a closed system.
B) Angular momentum is constant if no external torque acts.
C) Angular momentum can be created.
D) Angular momentum is always increasing.

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113. What type of energy transformation occurs when a battery is charged?

A) Electrical to chemical
B) Chemical to electrical
C) Mechanical to electrical
D) Thermal to electrical

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114. Which of the following is a property of waves?

A) Reflection
B) Refraction
C) Diffraction
D) All of the above

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115. What is the formula for gravitational force between two masses?

A) F = ma
B) F = G(m₁m₂)/r²
C) F = mv
D) F = 1/2 mv²

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116. What is the term for the change in frequency due to the relative motion of the source and observer?

A) Doppler effect
B) Photoelectric effect
C) Compton effect
D) Rayleigh scattering

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117. What happens to the total mechanical energy of a system in the absence of non-conservative forces?

A) It increases
B) It decreases
C) It remains constant
D) It fluctuates

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118. Which of the following is a unit of work?

A) Newton
B) Joule
C) Watt
D) Volt

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119. In an ideal gas, what happens to the pressure if the temperature is increased while the volume is constant?

A) Pressure increases
B) Pressure decreases
C) No change in pressure
D) It fluctuates

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120. What is the principle behind the conservation of energy?

A) Energy can be created.
B) Energy can be transformed but not created or destroyed.
C) Energy can be lost.
D) Energy is constant in every situation.

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121. What is the unit of power?

A) Joule
B) Watt
C) Newton
D) Ampere

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122. What does Newton’s first law of motion state?

A) Force equals mass times acceleration.
B) For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
C) An object at rest stays at rest unless acted upon.
D) Energy cannot be created or destroyed.

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123. What is the primary cause of tides on Earth?

A) Wind
B) Earth’s rotation
C) The Moon’s gravitational pull
D) The Sun’s heat

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124. In a pendulum, what happens to the kinetic energy at the lowest point of its swing?

A) It is zero.
B) It is maximum.
C) It is equal to potential energy.
D) It is half of potential energy.

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125. What is the speed of light in a vacuum?

A) 3 × 10^8 m/s
B) 3 × 10^6 m/s
C) 1 × 10^8 m/s
D) 3 × 10^9 m/s

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126. Which principle explains why planes can fly?

A) Bernoulli’s Principle
B) Pascal’s Principle
C) Archimedes’ Principle
D) Newton’s Principle

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127. What is the unit of frequency?

A) Joule
B) Hertz
C) Newton
D) Pascal

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128. What type of lens is used to magnify an object?

A) Concave lens
B) Convex lens
C) Bifocal lens
D) Cylindrical lens

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129. What is the formula for calculating momentum?

A) p = mv
B) p = m/a
C) p = Fd
D) p = E/t

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130. What phenomenon occurs when sound waves bend around obstacles?

A) Reflection
B) Refraction
C) Diffraction
D) Dispersion

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131. What is the term for a material that does not allow electricity to flow through it?

A) Conductor
B) Insulator
C) Semiconductor
D) Superconductor

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132. What is the primary component of a transformer?

A) Inductor
B) Capacitor
C) Resistor
D) Core

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133. What type of radiation has the highest energy?

A) Radio waves
B) Infrared
C) Ultraviolet
D) Gamma rays

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134. What is the center of mass?

A) The point where mass is evenly distributed.
B) The point at which the weight of an object is balanced.
C) The average position of all the mass in an object.
D) The point where all forces acting on an object are equal.

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135. What is the main function of a fuse in an electrical circuit?

A) To increase voltage
B) To limit current
C) To store energy
D) To measure resistance

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136. What is the relationship between wavelength and frequency?

A) They are directly proportional.
B) They are inversely proportional.
C) They are unrelated.
D) They are equal.

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137. What is the kinetic energy of an object with a mass of 2 kg moving at a speed of 3 m/s?

A) 3 J
B) 6 J
C) 9 J
D) 12 J

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138. In which type of collision is kinetic energy conserved?

A) Inelastic collision
B) Elastic collision
C) Perfectly inelastic collision
D) All collisions

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139. What is the device used to convert electrical energy into mechanical energy?

A) Transformer
B) Generator
C) Motor
D) Capacitor

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140. Which law states that the current through a conductor between two points is directly proportional to the voltage across the two points?

A) Ohm’s Law
B) Kirchhoff’s Law
C) Faraday’s Law
D) Ampere’s Law

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141. What is the energy stored in a stretched spring called?

A) Potential energy
B) Kinetic energy
C) Elastic potential energy
D) Thermal energy

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142. What does the term “latent heat” refer to?

A) Heat energy in motion
B) Heat energy absorbed or released during a phase change
C) Heat energy used for work
D) Heat energy lost to the environment

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143. What is the basic principle of a lever?

A) It allows for increased speed.
B) It increases distance.
C) It amplifies force.
D) It decreases effort.

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144. Which of the following is a characteristic of sound waves?

A) They can travel in a vacuum.
B) They require a medium to travel through.
C) They travel faster than light.
D) They are transverse waves.

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145. What is the SI unit for temperature?

A) Celsius
B) Kelvin
C) Fahrenheit
D) Joule

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146. In a circuit, what does a capacitor store?

A) Charge
B) Voltage
C) Current
D) Power

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147. What type of energy is associated with the motion of particles in a substance?

A) Kinetic energy
B) Potential energy
C) Chemical energy
D) Electrical energy

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148. What is the phenomenon of light bending when it passes from one medium to another?

A) Reflection
B) Refraction
C) Diffraction
D) Dispersion

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149. What is the primary cause of thermal expansion in materials?

A) Increased mass
B) Increased temperature
C) Increased pressure
D) Decreased volume

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150. What is the formula for calculating work done?

A) W = Fd
B) W = mgh
C) W = P/t
D) W = E/t

View Answer