36. What is the role of “diagnosis” in fault-tolerant systems?
A) To prevent the occurrence of faults
B) To detect and identify faults
C) To speed up system processing
D) To compress system data
View AnswerB
37. What is the function of an “audit trail” in fault-tolerant software?
A) To track and record system activities
B) To compress data for storage
C) To optimize software performance
D) To detect memory leaks
View AnswerA
38. What does “graceful shutdown” refer to in fault-tolerant systems?
A) The system shuts down abruptly
B) The system stops functioning completely
C) The system completes current tasks before shutting down
D) The system improves its performance after shutdown
View AnswerC
39. In fault-tolerant computing, what does “load balancing” achieve?
A) It distributes workload evenly to prevent system overload
B) It reduces memory usage
C) It speeds up data transmission
D) It encrypts system files
View AnswerA
40. What does “fault detection latency” refer to in software fault tolerance?
A) The time it takes to fix a fault
B) The delay in detecting a fault
C) The total downtime caused by a fault
D) The period between fault occurrence and system recovery
View AnswerB
41. What is the primary function of “RAID 1” in fault tolerance?
A) Striped data for speed
B) Data mirroring for redundancy
C) Compressing files for efficiency
D) Memory optimization
View AnswerB
42. What does “fault isolation” help with in a fault-tolerant system?
A) Encrypting all system data
B) Confining faults to specific areas to prevent system-wide failure
C) Compressing large files
D) Increasing processing speed
View AnswerB
43. What does “replication” ensure in distributed systems for fault tolerance?
A) Faster data transmission
B) Data availability through copies on multiple servers
C) Reduced power consumption
D) Improved user interface
View AnswerB
44. What is “mean time to repair” (MTTR) in fault-tolerant systems?
A) The average time it takes to detect a fault
B) The average time required to restore a system after a failure
C) The total time a system runs without failure
D) The time taken to compress data
View AnswerB
45. Which of the following describes a “degraded mode” in fault tolerance?
A) The system operates with full functionality
B) The system operates with limited functionality after a fault
C) The system shuts down immediately
D) The system increases processing speed
View AnswerB
46. What does “triple modular redundancy” (TMR) involve in fault tolerance?
A) Using three identical modules to mask faults
B) Encrypting system data three times
C) Compressing system files for redundancy
D) Distributing system load evenly
View AnswerA
47. What does “fault masking” achieve in fault-tolerant systems?
A) It hides the fault from the user and keeps the system operational
B) It compresses data to reduce memory usage
C) It speeds up the system
D) It improves the user interface
View AnswerA
48. What is the purpose of “rollback” in error recovery mechanisms?
A) To prevent the fault from happening
B) To revert to the previous error-free system state
C) To optimize system speed
D) To reduce memory usage
View AnswerB
49. What is “error compensation” in software fault tolerance?
A) Ignoring minor errors to maintain operation
B) Correcting errors through redundant calculations
C) Compressing system logs to save space
D) Encrypting data for protection
View AnswerB
50. What is meant by “system resilience” in fault tolerance?
A) A system’s ability to recover from faults and continue operation
B) A system’s ability to avoid all faults
C) A system that operates the fastest
D) A system that uses the least memory
View AnswerA
51. What is “checkpoint recovery” in fault-tolerant systems?
A) Restarting the system after failure
B) Restoring the system to a previously saved state
C) Compressing system data after a fault
D) Increasing system speed after a failure
View AnswerB
52. What is “distributed fault tolerance”?
A) Fault tolerance implemented across a distributed network or system
B) Fault tolerance limited to a single server
C) Fault tolerance that reduces memory usage
D) Fault tolerance that only works on the main system
View AnswerA
53. What does “error logging” contribute to fault-tolerant systems?
A) Compression of system data
B) Recording faults for diagnosis and future prevention
C) Reducing system speed
D) Encrypting system data
View AnswerB
54. What is the purpose of “failure transparency” in fault-tolerant software?
A) To prevent users from knowing when a failure has occurred
B) To optimize the user interface
C) To increase system speed
D) To reduce memory usage
View AnswerA
55. What does “fail-silent” behavior imply in fault-tolerant systems?
A) The system fails without notifying users
B) The system masks the fault without affecting operation
C) The system becomes faster after failure
D) The system stops working completely after detecting a fault
View AnswerD
56. What is a “replication manager” responsible for in a fault-tolerant system?
A) Distributing system load
B) Ensuring that replicas are consistent and up to date
C) Compressing data across the system
D) Improving system performance
View AnswerB
57. What does “forward recovery” entail in software fault tolerance?
A) Correcting an error before it occurs
B) Continuing operation by compensating for faults
C) Reverting to an earlier system state
D) Compressing system data after an error
View AnswerB
58. What is “fault masking” primarily used for in fault-tolerant systems?
A) To prevent a system from crashing due to a fault
B) To reduce system memory usage
C) To encrypt system data
D) To improve software performance
View AnswerA
59. Which of the following is a key objective of fault-tolerant software?
A) Ensure high availability of services
B) Reduce system processing time
C) Increase software complexity
D) Decrease system load
View AnswerA
60. What is the role of “mirroring” in a fault-tolerant system?
A) To create identical copies of data to prevent loss
B) To increase system speed
C) To compress system data
D) To enhance user interface
View AnswerA
61. What does “software fault tolerance” focus on?
A) Preventing and handling software failures
B) Reducing hardware costs
C) Increasing software complexity
D) Encrypting user data
View AnswerA
62. What is the purpose of “system auditing” in fault-tolerant software?
A) To optimize system speed
B) To analyze faults and ensure the reliability of the system
C) To reduce memory usage
D) To compress system data
View AnswerB
63. Which of the following is a characteristic of fault-tolerant design?
A) It prevents all types of system failures
B) It allows a system to continue working despite some failures
C) It increases the speed of processing
D) It reduces system cost
View AnswerB
64. What is “stateful fault tolerance”?
A) Fault tolerance that preserves the current state of a system during recovery
B) Fault tolerance that always starts from scratch
C) Fault tolerance that ignores current system state
D) Fault tolerance that improves processing speed
View AnswerA
65. What is the key benefit of “failover clustering” in fault-tolerant systems?
A) Improved speed
B) Automatic switching to a standby system during failure
C) Reduced memory usage
D) Enhanced user interface
View AnswerB
66. What is a “soft failover” in fault tolerance?
A) A failover with minimal disruption to users
B) A failover that involves restarting the system
C) A failover that compresses system data
D) A failover that increases system speed
View AnswerA
67. What does “modular redundancy” involve?
A) Using multiple modules to mask faults in the system
B) Compressing data across different system components
C) Encrypting user data multiple times
D) Reducing system load
View AnswerA
68. What is the function of “time redundancy” in fault-tolerant systems?
A) Repeating operations over time to detect and recover from transient faults
B) Compressing data over time
C) Encrypting data at regular intervals
D) Reducing the system’s processing speed
View AnswerA
69. What is “hot swapping” in fault-tolerant systems?
A) Replacing faulty components without shutting down the system
B) Compressing system files
C) Restarting the system after every failure
D) Encrypting data before every system update
View AnswerA
70. What is the purpose of “error masking” in fault-tolerant systems?
A) To prevent errors from affecting system performance
B) To reduce system load
C) To compress large system files
D) To increase system processing speed
View AnswerA